Wholesale inflation rose more than expected last month on a big jump in fuel costs as rising prices become a bigger economic challenge for millions of Americans, and a growing political problem for Republicans in the upcoming midterm elections.
The Labor Department’s producer price index—which captures inflation before it reaches consumers—soared 6.3% in September from a year ago, up from 5.6% in August and the biggest increase since December 2022, the government said Thursday.
On a monthly basis, wholesale prices rose 1.3% from August to September, marking the largest increase since March 2022, after a 0.5% gain the previous month.
The data indicated that rising fuel prices, particularly for the diesel fuel used by long-haul trucks and freight trains, is pushing up the cost of shipping and warehousing goods.
That is starting to lift the cost of food, one place where prices appeared to have cooled this year. Wholesale food prices jumped 1.2% just from August to September, though they are still unchanged from a year ago.
Transportation and warehousing prices climbed 3.4% last month and are 16% higher than a year ago, the report showed.
“The jolt to transportation prices affects every good in the economy, since inputs to manufacturing move to factories and goods at all stages of production move from producer to wholesaler to retailer by truck, train, or rail,” Carl Weinberg, chief economist at High Frequency Economics, wrote in a client note. “This is how increases in energy prices ‘bleed through’ to prices of core goods.”
Farmers also rely on diesel to power most of their equipment, which could also push up food prices. Diesel prices averaged $6.32 a gallon nationwide Thursday, according to AAA, up from just $3.66 a year ago.
Thursday’s report amplifies the consumer price index released Wednesday, which also accelerated in September as gas prices jumped. But a broad range of goods and services became more expensive.
Both inflation reports raise pressure on the inflation-fighters at the Federal Reserve to hike their key interest rate. Inflation has remained above the central bank’s 2% target for five and a half years.
Excluding the volatile food and energy categories, core prices rose 0.7% from August to September, up sharply from 0.2% in the previous month. Compared with a year ago, core prices rose 5%, up from 4.6% in August.
More expensive energy drove most of the increase as wholesale gas prices soared more than 20% from August to September. But the report also showed other costs rising, including those for electricity, vegetables, shipping, and airfares.
Ongoing inflation has eroded Americans’ incomes and soured most consumers on the economy. The Labor Department said Wednesday that for the first time since May, average weekly paychecks when adjusted for inflation shrank compared with the same month last year.
Higher prices have taken a toll on Trump’s standing with U.S. voters. A poll released this month by The Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research found that just 17% of U.S. adults approve of Trump’s handling of the cost of living. And only 26% approve of his handling of the economy overall, a new low.
The Federal Reserve, meanwhile, will hold a policy meeting in two weeks and may keep its key short-term interest rate unchanged. After two hot inflation reports this week, however, some economists now expect that it could hike rates. Officials have penciled in at least one more rate hike this year.
Fed Chairman Kevin Warsh speaks at an international economic conference late Thursday in Bangkok and his remarks will be closely watched for any hints of whether he supports a rate hike this month.
The Fed uses higher rates to slow borrowing and spending in a bid to lower inflation.
That has not proved effective as hoped this year.
After a rate hike in September, the U.S reported Thursday that retail sales rose faster than expected during the same month. A chunk of that spending, however, was at gas stations, where Americans are paying more to fill up their cars.
—By Christopher Rugaber, AP economics writer