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Filecoin Miners Go On Strike One Day After Mainnet Launch, Prompting Early Reward Release

5 years 11 months ago

Filecoin, a decentralized storage network launched by Protocol Labs, is off to a rocky start after a strike by miners just one day after its highly anticipated miannet launch on Oct. 15. 

Five of its largest miners turned off their machines to protest the project’s “unfair” economic model that requires a significant amount of FIL tokens to start mining operations, according to a report by 8btc.com. 

Zhihu Cloud, one of top five Filecoin miners, has more than 8,000 InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) mining machines yet only 276 mining machines were running on Saturday, while the other four, including mining company 1475, generated even less storage mining power, the report said. 

Related: Filecoin Settles Near $40 After Wild Opening Day of Trading

The project aims to provide its users with decentralized data storage and transmission services through servers offered by its miners with commodity hardware. However, the miners are required to stake a large amount of FIL tokens as “Initial Pledge Collateral” to start their mining operations. 

While Filecoin uses the collateral as a leverage to ensure miners fully deliver their services according to users’ contracts, it creates a situation where the miners don’t have enough FIL tokens to begin with. 

There are two ways to get more tokens but neither of them are desirable. Miners could earn token rewards and put them down as collateral but Filecoin releases the rewards over the course of six months after building a block. As a result, the miners receive very few tokens at the beginning. 

Miners could also buy FIL tokens from exchanges. However, that could be a very costly and risky move since many believe FIL is currently overvalued and there might be a hefty transaction fee. 

Related: Decentralized Data Storage’s Only Competition Is the Public Cloud

FIL token’s price fluctuated wildly on its opening day, soaring to $100 before settling down to almost $40 with many investors arguing it was still grossly overpriced. 

“All the miners have been off since the mainnet went live, this is not some sort of protest but we have to shut them down because we really don’t have the tokens as collateral to mine,” ST Cloud CEO Chuhang Lai said in the report. 

In response to miner’s concerns, Filecoin has decided to release 25% token rewards in advance once a miner builds a block on the blockchain. “The revision could enable 80% of our mining capacity,” Xiaoming Zhan, CEO at IPSFMain said. 

Miners have been complaining about Filecoin’s mining economic model long before the mainnet launch and suggested that they should fork the project. 

China has been one of the hottest markets for Filecoin in part due to its unique mining mechanism since the project raised over $200 million in its ICO three years ago. 


Chinese crypto mining companies have purchased tens of millions of dollars of IPFS mining machines that are designed to provide large data storage and computing  power to “seal” and transmit the data. 

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Pelosi Says It’s Tuesday or Bust if White House Wants a Pre-Election Stimulus Package: Report

5 years 11 months ago

Democratic House Speaker told the White House Sunday it has until Tuesday to reach a deal on a pandemic stimulus package or it was unlikely to be passed before the election, the Wall Street Journal reported.

  • If no deal is reached by Tuesday evening, even if negotiations continue and are eventually successful, it’s unlikely to produce a package before the Nov. 3 election, the WSJ said, quoting an aide to the Senate Democrat.
  • House Democrats are seeking a $2.2 trillion relief package, and while President Donald Trump has said he’s prepared to go beyond his $1.8 trillion proposal, Senate Republicans in favor of a much more modest package may not support him.
  • If a package isn’t passed by the election, it might be well into February before one happens, the WSJ said, quoting Rep. Tom Reed (R., N.Y.).
  • Why this matters to crypto: Bitcoin (BTC) prices have been buoyed this year as investors bet that trillions of dollars of government and central bank spending around the world in response to the coronavirus-induced economic slowdown will inevitably result in inflation, and therefore be positive for the cryptocurrency.
  • As such, if a stimulus deal is reached, BTC may rise further.


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Wanted: Economist for Digital Currencies, Fintech as Bank of Canada Studies a Possible CBDC

5 years 11 months ago

The Bank of Canada, posted a position for an economist, digital currencies and financial technologies, as the Canadian central bank continues to research how a central bank digital currency (CBDC) would work as well as the possible risks involved.

  • According to the posting, the economist will: “monitor and analyze developments in electronic money and payments, including CBDCs, cryptocurrencies, stable coins, crypto exchanges, and others.”
  • The advertisement lists as qualifications “nice to have” as: a knowledge of bitcoin, ethereum and other major cryptocurrency platforms as well as traditional payments systems like card networks, merchant acquirers, point of sale technologies.
  • The posting comes as the Bank of Canada has both expressed caution regarding the risks of a CBDC and also how the pandemic has accelerated the need for speed at which the central bank must research how a CBDC would work.

Read also: Federal Reserve, 6 Other Central Banks Set Out Core Digital Currency

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Stellar CEO to Be Part of IMF Panel on Cross-Border Payments

5 years 11 months ago

Stellar CEO Denelle Dixon will be part of a four-person panel discussion on the private-sector’s role in addressing shortcomings of cross-border payments at the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF) annual meeting Monday.

  • Also on the panel are: Jonathan Dharmapalan, CEO of eCurrency; Rory MacFarquhar, senior VP, Mastercard; and Rene Reinsberg, CEO of Celo.
  • The panel, which will be webcast, will start at 9 a.m. ET on Monday.
  • It immediately follows a panel of policy-makers that includes U.S. Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell that will discuss the same topic and precedes one that discusses the public sector’s role in cross-border payments. After, will be a fourth panel consisting of the co-chairs of a task force set up to propose a roadmap of concrete actions to improve cross-border payments.

Read also: Fed Chairman Powell to Speak About Digital Currencies Next Week at IMF

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OKEx Token Price Tumbles Added 20% in Wake of Suspended Withdrawals

5 years 11 months ago

OKB, the native exchange token for OKEx, has lost nearly an additional 20% of its market value Saturday, bringing its total drop to roughly 30% since the second-largest cryptocurrency derivatives exchange suspended withdrawals early Friday morning due to a keyholder being “out of touch”.

  • OKB traded hands just around $5.90 before the news. At last check, the token is now priced at roughly $4.10.
  • OKEx CEO Jay Hao took to Twitter to reassure his clients, “All your funds and assets are safe.” Also on Weibo, Hao explained that the circumstances that have kept the keyholder out of touch with his company would not affect business.
  • The continued drop of OKEx’s native token indicates that the fears of many traders have yet to be assuaged.
  • Nearly all cryptocurrencies dipped on the OKEx news first reported by CoinDesk, with bitcoin dipping nearly 3 percent. Other exchange tokens followed, with Binance’s BNB, FTX’s FTT, and Huobi’s HT all dropping between 4-6 percent.
  • Curiously, UNI, the recently launched native token for leading decentralized exchange Uniswap, spiked nearly 10% on the news of suspended withdrawals from OKEx, although most of those gains had been reversed by Saturday morning.
  • OKB is the fifth largest centralized exchange token with an approximately $250 million market capitalization, according to OnChainFX.
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Institutions Take Record Bullish Bets in Bitcoin Futures, Shrugging Off Exchange Missteps

5 years 11 months ago

Institutions recently raised their bullish bets in bitcoin (BTC) futures listed on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) to the record level set last month amid signs of market maturity.

  • In the week ended Oct. 13, institutional investors increased long positions by over 9%, taking the tally of bullish bets to the record high of 3,500 contracts reached in mid-September.
  • The numbers were revealed by the Commitment of Traders (COT) report published by the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) on Friday.
  • The cryptocurrency’s price reached multi-week highs above $11,700 during the seven days to Oct. 1, confirming a breakout on technical charts.
  • BTC’s recent resilience to several exchange-related issues may have given institutions the confidence to increase their bullish bets.
  • The cryptocurrency remained largely bid above $10,000 earlier this month despite news of the KuCoin exchange hack and U.S. regulators bringing criminal and civil charges against BitMEX.
  • Similarly, buyers defended support at $11,200 on Friday after prominent crypto exchange OKEx suspended withdrawals.
  • ‘Had these events happened last year, the [bearish] impact on bitcoin’s price would have been much greater,” Sui Chung, CEO of CF Benchmarks, said in a statement to CoinDesk.
  • The derivatives market is now less dependent on exchanges like BitMEX and OKEx than a year ago.
  • In September 2019, the two exchanges accounted for over 70% of the global BTC derivatives’ open interest. That number has now dropped to 40%.
  • As such, the cryptocurrency is less sensitive to exchange-related issues. That’s a testament to the growing maturity of the cryptocurrency space, according to Chung.
Are speculators bearish?
  • Speculators or leveraged funds – hedge funds and various types of money managers that, in effect, borrow money to trade – increased their short positions by 4% to 14,100 – the record low seen in August.
  • That does not necessarily imply bearish implications for price.
  • According to Patrick Heusser, a senior cryptocurrency trader at Zurich-based Crypto Broker AG, cash and carry trading may have pushed bearish bets to record highs.
  • “Cash and carry” is an arbitrage strategy that involves buying the asset on the spot market and taking a sell position in the futures market when the latter is trading at a significant premium to the spot price.
  • Futures prices converge with spot prices on the day of the expiry, yielding a risk-free return to a carry trader.

Also read: Bitcoin Price Dips 3% on OKEx News, Analysts Aren’t Too Worried

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Filecoin Settles Near $40 After Wild Opening Day of Trading

5 years 11 months ago

Filecoin (FIL) speculators endured a wild opening day of trading as the highly anticipated token soared and dived across all markets, finally settling around $40 Friday evening.

  • Trading started at 18:25 UTC Thursday for most markets, and within the first four hours, filecoins and filecoin futures contracts traded hands at prices between $37 and $100, according to pricing data from TradingView.
  • Futures for the new token are trading in heavy backwardation on FTX, the largest filecoin futures market. Filecoin futures were trading hands around $15 on FTX at last check compared to $39.50 on Binance’s spot market, representing a basis of 160 percent, according to CoinGecko.
  • The protocol’s initial coin offering in July 2017 sold tokens to investors at a range of $1 to $5 with six-month to three-year vesting schedules, according to data from Messari. At current prices, early investors have earned between 700% and 3,900% returns over the past three years.
  • Filecoin’s remarkable early price action evoked a range of reactions from investors and market analysts.
  • After an erratic first few hours of trading, the futures backwardation seems to imply the market “pricing in future inflation” for filecoin’s supply, said Eric Turner, director of research at Messari, in a private message with CoinDesk.
  • Filecoin Simple Agreements for Future Tokens (SAFTs) with 6-month vesting schedules were priced between $18 and $19 right before trading officially launched, Turner noted.
  • Taking to Twitter, Multicoin Capital Managing Partner Kyle Samani called early filecoin trading “one of the most memorable market dislocations in the history of crypto.”
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Market Wrap: Bitcoin Has Light Response to OKEx While Ether Options Traders Make Beacon Bets

5 years 11 months ago

Bitcoin rebounded from an OKEx-related drop; ether options traders may be beacon chain bearish. 

  • Bitcoin (BTC) trading around $11,327 as of 20:00 UTC (4 p.m. ET). Slipping 2% over the previous 24 hours.
  • Bitcoin’s 24-hour range: $11,199-$11,623
  • BTC below its 10-day moving average but above the 50-day, a sideways signal for market technicians.

Bitcoin’s price moved as high as $11,623 late Thursday/early Friday but trades at that height were short-lived. Spot traders punched the sell button around 04:00 UTC (12:00 a.m ET) on the news that Malta-based exchange OKEx suspended withdrawals due to an investigation of a key operations person. Bitcoin fell as low as $11,199 on spot exchanges such as Bitstamp before rebounding a bit, up to $11,327 at press time. 

Read More: Bitcoin Price Dips 3% on OKEx News, Analysts Aren’t Too Worried

Related: This New Service Plays Matchmaker Between Solo Miners, Big Mining Farms

Market analysts seem unfazed, saying OKEx’s situation will hardly affect crypto’s long-term fundamentals. Nonetheless, the circumstances seem a bit curious, according to George Clayton, managing partner of investment firm Cryptanalysis Capital. 

“Kind of weird that a major exchange can be incapacitated by one guy,” Clayton told CoinDesk. “One would have thought that there would be contingency plans in place with that much at stake.”

William Purdy, an options trader and founder of analysis firm PurdyAlerts, noted the resilience of the market in the face of negative sentiment. “If this news occured in 2018, the market would have dropped 10%-15%,” he told CoinDesk. “However, now it is supported by the larger equity investors and traditional markets.” 

Indeed, despite the drop, the price per one bitcoin is still hovering around the $11,400-$11,500 range it has been in since Oct. 9. 

Related: First Mover: OKEx Private Key Snafu Sends Bitcoin Lower as China DeFi Rises

Yet, in the bitcoin options market, traders appear to be preparing for further fallout. Open interest in bitcoin options keeps trending upward, according to Purdy. 

Specifically, Purdy sees a trend with an increase in the put/call ratio on bitcoin options. “High put/call here is bearish positioning by options traders who expect further downside,” he said.

These two trends combined reflect the possibility of big market movements in the near-term by options traders. “Bitcoin options open interest keeps climbing as the put-to-call ratio is seen increasing,” said Purdy. “Given the continuous increase in open interest, we will see a large liquidation move in the coming weeks.”

Lots of ether options expiring in December

The second-largest cryptocurrency by market capitalization, ether (ETH), was down Friday trading around $366 and slipping 3.1% in 24 hours as of 20:00 UTC (4:00 p.m. ET). 

Read More: Will a Sharded Ethereum Be Flexible Enough for Decentralized Finance?

Ether traders are loading up on options for a Dec. 25 expiration. As of press time, 439,813 ETH, worth $161,851,184 at current prices, are set to expire on Deribit, the largest options venue in the market.

Greg Magadini, co-founder and CEO of data aggregator Genesis Volatility, said the large number of options, mostly positioned short, for December expiration has to do with Ethereum’s plan to upgrade its network. Ethereum 2.0’s initiation will begin with the “beacon chain” where investors will stake ether to help jump-start the network. A date has not yet been set for the beacon chain launch but is expected in 2020.  

“Ether options remain concentrated in December expiration,” Magadini told CoinDesk. ”Traders are net short in December far out of the money calls. This is most likely related to beacon chain launch positioning.”

Other markets

Digital assets on the CoinDesk 20 are mostly red Friday. Notable winners as of 20:00 UTC (4:00 p.m. ET):

Notable losers as of 20:00 UTC (4:00 p.m. ET):

Read More: Reginald Fowler May Reopen Plea Talks in Crypto Capital Case

Equities:

Commodities:

  • Oil was down 0.18%. Price per barrel of West Texas Intermediate crude: $40.73.
  • Gold was in the red 0.46% and at $1,899 as of press time.

Treasurys:

  • U.S. Treasury bond yields all climbed Friday. Yields, which move in the opposite direction as price, were up most on the 10-year, jumping to 0.741 and in the green 0.91%.
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E-Krona or Bust, Says Sweden’s Chief Central Banker, Trying to Drag Swedish Govt Into Digital Age

5 years 11 months ago

Sweden’s top central banker Stefan Ingves has gone all-in on sovereign digital currency, and on Thursday the Riksbank governor called upon the Swedish Parliament to do the same.

  • “There shall be digital state money as legal tender, an e-krona, issued by the Riksbank,” Ingves wrote in a Thursday economic note that amounts to his strongest statement yet in favor of a Swedish central bank digital currency (CBDC).
  • He pushed for Sweden’s government to “review the concept of legal tender” and the legality of an e-krona is necessary to prepare Riksbank for a digital future.
  • Sweden’s populace is abandoning cash for digital payments at a world-leading rate, he asserted.
  • That’s prompting Riksbank to grapple with a CBDC. Although dozens of monetary authorities are now studying sovereign digital currencies, Sweden’s is one of the few to actually pilot one.
  • Also notable: Sweden’s e-krona pilot project is running on distributed ledger technology.
  • Ingves called upon the Riksdag and Sweden’s government to address the digital shift with legislation.
  • Riksbank first called for the formation of a committee to study cash in April 2019. The proposal cleared the Riksdag that June but has sat with the government ever since. “We also need help from” the government, Ingves said.
  • “The Riksbank has not yet taken a formal decision on whether or not to issue an e-krona,” he said. “A decision to issue an e-krona requires a legal basis and political support.”
  • A Riksbank spokesperson did not return CoinDesk questions by press time.

See also: Accenture Picked to Build Sweden’s E-Krona Digital Currency Pilot

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Ripple Donates $10M to Mercy Corps for Increasing Financial Inclusion

5 years 11 months ago

Ripple, the U.S.-based currency exchange and remittance network, is donating $10 million to Mercy Corps, a humanitarian aid non-profit, to “expand financial inclusion and increase economic empowerment globally.”  

Ripple, through a non-profit unit, works with non-government organizations, universities and industry partners to “bring the 1.7 billion unbanked adults into a modernized, global financial system that leverages the promise of financial technology,” the company said in its release. 

Mercy Corps will partner with RippleWorks in several countries to support development of fintech solutions involving blockchain and digital assets.

  • Ripple said the $10 million would also be used to support the launch of FinX, an initiative by Mercy Corps and its ventures arm to develop a financial set-up that doesn’t marginalize those without access to traditional banking.
  • According to the announcement, Ripple has also been working with the ventures arm of Mercy Corps to develop pilots and invest in fintech startups in developing countries, including some in Latin America. 
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Huobi Guarantees Normal Operations During OKEx’s Suspension of Crypto Withdrawals

5 years 11 months ago

The Huobi cryptocurrency exchange assured users its trading platform is “currently operating normally” after one of its biggest competitors, OKEx, announced it suspended all cryptocurrency withdrawals indefinitely.

“Huobi’s cold wallet uses multi-signature and threshold signature technology to ensure the security of the private key signature process,” Ciara Sun, vice president of Huobi Global Markets, told CoinDesk in a Wechat message. “Multiple people and multiple backups ensure the availability of the private key.”

While one would expect exchanges like Huobi would benefit from OKEx’s news – as in the BitMex case, where large bitcoin outflows from the exchange went to its competitors – that doesn’t appear to have happened because of growing concern about Huobi’s operations due to two exchanges’ large user base in China. 

Related: OKEx Denies Investigation of Founder Star Xu Is Related to Money Laundering

“Huobi’s platform is currently operating normally,” Sun said.

Read more: Huobi and OKEx Battle for Supremacy in China

There was speculation Huobi may have loaned assets to OKEx but, according to data provided by CryptoQuant, 997 BTC was transferred from Huobi to Binance at 10:21:30 UTC Friday, Oct. 16,. That transfer was also captured earlier by Twitter account @whale_alert, but was mistakenly said to have gone to OKEx.

“This was a normal withdrawal behavior,” Sun told CoinDesk about the transfer. “It did not trigger risk control and did not involve illegal operations. We cannot disclose our user information.”

Related: First Mover: OKEx Private Key Snafu Sends Bitcoin Lower as China DeFi Rises

Huobi does not appear to be negatively affected by the situation at OKEx either. 

“At this time there’s no evidence to support that this could extend to Huobi as well,” Matthew Graham, chief executive officer of Beijing-based crypto consultancy Sino Capital, said in a direct message on Twitter with CoinDesk. “Our current understanding is that this is an issue that’s specific to OKEx.”

Sun told CoinDesk that Huobi has “invested” in anti-money laundering and fraud prevention “for a long time.”

Both Huobi and OKEx maintain close ties to the Chinese government despite moving offices out of the country after a crackdown on crypto trading in 2017. As regulators got tough on such things as initial coin offerings (ICO), representatives of BTCC, the first bitcoin cryptocurrency exchange in China, OKEx (OKCoin at the time) and Huobi met with officials from the People’s Bank of China (PBOC) and were warned to follow laws and regulation requirements closely.

In the aftermath of 2017, BTCC sold its entity to a Hong Kong-based blockchain investment fund while Huobi and OKEx essentially got a pass by moving their operations overseas. OKEx is headquartered in Hong Kong while being officially based in Malta. Huobi is based in Seychelles, the company’s PR representative told CoinDesk previously, and has offices in Singapore.

According to people familiar with the matter, that is partly due to both exchanges having a closer relationship with the Chinese government.

Read more: OKEx Suspends Withdrawals, Says Key Holder Not Available Due to Cooperation With Investigation

Huobi has a branch in China that is part of a group working with the government to build perhaps one of the most influential blockchain infrastructure projects in the country.

The world’s biggest crypto exchange by trading volume, Binance, which also started in China, did not immediately respond to CoinDesk’s requests for comment.

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This New Service Plays Matchmaker Between Solo Miners, Big Mining Farms

5 years 11 months ago

A first-of-its kind service wants to play matchmaker between big-scale mining facilities and individual miners looking for a hosting setup.

Bitcoin mining company HASHR8 just launched its Compass platform, a search engine of sorts for individual miners to shop for a hosting facility to operate their mining hardware for them. While mining farms hosting solo miners’ machines is nothing new, Compass is the first service to create a product to sync miners with hosting providers.

The initiative was born from a drive to keep Bitcoin’s hashrate distributed, and that starts with making sure the smaller-time miners can stay competitive. 

Related: Market Wrap: Bitcoin Has Light Response to OKEx While Ether Options Traders Make Beacon Bets

Red more: Bitcoin Steady Above $11,400 as Hashrate Reaches New High

“We believe that everyone should have the ability to mine bitcoin. Nowadays the narrative is always that ‘bitcoin mining is only profitable for larger miners,’ which holds true because smaller miners cannot benefit from the same economies of scale. HASHR8 built Compass to kill that narrative,” HASHR8 COO Thomas Heller told CoinDesk.

Pointing bitcoin miners in the right direction

Compass curates a registry of verified mining facilities, which miners can query to search for facilities by region, energy price and hardware hosting minimums. Each mining farm’s profile also lists security features and whether it offers mining equipment for rent. Searchers have their choice of facilities from Canada, China, Iceland, Kazakhstan, Russia and the U.S.

Because they already had good working relationships, Heller told CoinDesk, HASHR8 reached out to the facilities currently listed on Compass to pioneer the program, but other mining farms can apply to be added, too. The hosts, not the solo miners, pay HASHR8 a fee for the service.

Related: First Mover: OKEx Private Key Snafu Sends Bitcoin Lower as China DeFi Rises

In addition to Compass, HASHR8 will also be launching Powerblocks this month. The service will allow individual miners to host a single device; in Heller’s view, this service gives “anyone an opportunity to start mining in a world-class facility.” 

Read more: How Bitcoin Mining Works

“We want everyone to have access to the same great hardware and the same low hosting rates, whether they have $2,000 or $200,000, to get started mining bitcoin,” Heller continued.

At a time when Bitcoin’s hashrate is soaring while its price is slogging along, miners are eking out profits as revenue per terahash rests at all time lows. Smaller miners have been especially hurt by this cash-flow squeeze. Heller said that before we can hope to make them competitive with larger miners, “the first step is to get them in the game” with feasible hosting options. 

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Bank of Spain to Weigh Digital Currency Design Proposals, ‘Implications’ Through 2021

5 years 11 months ago

Spain’s central bank is fast-tracking research on digital currency ‘s design and the economic implications of central bank digital currency (CBDC) introduction as per a four-year strategic plan released Friday.

  • CBDC researchers will “consider different design proposals” and analyze digital currency’s financial and systemic risks for Spain.
  • They will also study how “digital identification” relates to CBDC, the plan said.
  • This “priority” research will begin this year and carry through the end of 2021.
  • A member of the eurozone, the Bank of Spain cannot unilaterally introduce its own sovereign CBDC.
  • However, the European Central Bank is currently mulling a digital euro through committee work that includes Spanish central bankers. The future of that work will be determined in mid-2021.

See also: Digital Euro Within Decade ‘Very Likely,’ Says Finland’s Chief Central Banker

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Russian Metal Giant’s Tokenization Firm Expands to America

5 years 11 months ago

Atomyze, a tokenization startup by Russian mining and smelting giant Nornickel, is setting up shop in Greenwich, Conn., to sell tokenized metals in the U.S.

The company, whose legal name is Atomyze LLC, will become the second foothold for Nornickel’s tokenization ambitions. It will work in parallel another entity that will tokenize Nornickel’s metals, Tokentrust, which was launched in February in Switzerland. Atomyze does not currently have a presence in Russia. 

There are two use cases for metal-backed tokens, Nornickel CEO Vladimir Potanin told CoinDesk last year. First, industrial producers can use such tokens to flexibly modify their contracts for the delivery of the actual metals. 

Related: A Russian Company Is Opening a Mining Farm in the Arctic

Second, people interested in investing in the metal industry might use the tokens to bet on the prices of metals such as palladium, copper or nickel, instead of buying stock in companies like Nornickel. 

Both Atomyze and Tokentrust will use a Hyperledger Fabric-powered backend coded by Nornickel’s engineers together with IBM, and will issue tokens backed by the mining giant’s inventory. Legally, however, their operations will be separated, as each company will only serve users in the country in which it is based – at least initially.

Nornickel did not respond to questions as to why the U.S. and Switzerland will be the first two markets for Atomyze by press time. The large U.S. market has been lucrative for financial service firms in general, even though there can be regulatory hurdles.

In Russia, meanwhile, the regulatory situation is getting clearer. This summer, a new law regulating digital asset issuance was passed, and starting in January issuers registered with the Bank of Russia will be able to launch tokens in a centralized, permissioned way.  

Related: Bank of Russia Seeks Limit on Amount of Digital Assets Retail Investors Can Buy

Due to the regulatory differences in Switzerland and the U.S., the two firms will be issuing two distinct sets of tokens. At least in the initial phase, these tokens will not be interchangeable, said Jeanine Hightower-Sellitto, CEO of Atomyze LLC. She added that “Atomyze LLC was created with the vision of building the products that will be familiar and common for the U.S. market.” 

Hightower-Sellitto, a Wall Street veteran and former managing director of operations at the Gemini crypto exchange, was named CEO of the company in September to build a commodity-backed token market fully compliant with U.S. regulations. Before Gemini, Hightower-Sellitto worked at Nasdaq subsidiary International Securities Exchange (ISE) for 13 years.

Along with Hightower-Sellitto, Atomyze now has a few professionals who came from notable crypto and blockchain companies. They include Corey Wendling, former senior vice president of Paxos; Jan Hendrik Scheufen, former chief product officer of the Scotland-based blockchain firm Monax; and Lyon Hardgrave, who used to lead the blockchain oil trading startup Vakt.

Wendling told CoinDesk via a spokesperson he was attracted to Atomyze’s ambition to “disrupt and change the way commodities are traded by allowing customers to bring their own smart contracts and tokens to our platform.” 

“We are building a system that is flexible and highly customizable to be able to support many different types of assets,” Wendling said.

He added that, unlike the already existing tokenization platforms, Atomyze will take a more conservative, permissioned approach, which would give the customers more confidence about the platform’s security. This means new companies willing to issue tokens on the platform will not be able to use the technology independently but will need to work with Atomyze. 

Metal bits

The metals themselves – palladium, platinum, nickel, cobalt and copper – will be kept in a secure vault that is physically located in the U.S., Hightower-Sellitto said. The name of the vault provider is not public, nor are the names of the banks to be involved with Atomyze LLC. 

The contents of the vault will be audited by U.S.-based auditors to make sure the tokens are backed by the actual metals on a 1:1 basis, Hightower-Sellitto said. 

She said that, at the moment, Atomyze is beginning to work on its money transmission and trust licenses in the U.S., and planning to launch in late Q1 of 2021. 

Hightower-Sellitto hopes to see institutional investors like macro funds, hedge funds, endowments and accredited investors among Atomyze’s clients. Investing in metals themselves is different from investing in the stock of metal-producing companies, as this way investors can bet on the performance of entire industries as opposed to particular companies.

“You can invest in the car companies, you can invest in Tesla but there is a lot of noise in Tesla stock. So if you want to invest in the electric car market itself as a directional perspective you could invest in components of the electric car batteries,” Hightower-Sellitto said.

The tokens, which will be tradeable on Atomyze’s own platform, will not qualify as securities, Hightower-Sellitto said, and the company hasn’t had any communications with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission about them. This is because every token will be backed by actual metals, so the customers will participate in spot commodities transactions, Hightower-Sellitto said.

“It’s important for our product to be fully deliverable. No customer wants to enter into the spot transaction and then find out they actually are trading a product that is regulated as a swap of another kind of derivative,” she said.

Nornickel CEO Vladimir Potanin told CoinDesk in an October 2019 interview that tokenized metals would attract both industrial consumers and investors who don’t need actual palladium or nickel but would like to bet on their prices.

Swiss-based Tokentrust’s board includes Alexander Stoyanov, the managing director of Nornickel’s subsidiary Global Palladium Fund.

Global Palladium Fund will be the first issuer on Atomyze, Hightower-Sellitto said, but in the future the platform can also become a marketplace for other asset-backed tokens and more issuers might want to use it. 

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Mt. Gox Rehabilitation Plan Deadline Extended Yet Again, This Time to Dec. 15

5 years 11 months ago

Mt. Gox’s rehabilitation trustee Nobuaki Kobayashi announced Thursday an extension to the submission deadline for a rehabilitation plan for the bankrupted exchange, the latest in a long list of deadline extensions.

  • The trustee is working on the rehabilitation plan, according to a notice published Thursday. But “matters that require closer examination” made it “necessary to extend the submission deadline.”
  • The deadline has been extended multiple times, with the most recent extensions happening in November 2018, April 2019 and this past March.
  • Now the deadline is set for Dec. 15.
  • In a status report filed Oct. 7, the trustee wrote, “It should be noted that the deadline may be further extended.”
  • Mt. Gox declared bankruptcy in 2014 after hackers stole 850,000 bitcoins from its servers.
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Digital Euro Within Decade ‘Very Likely,’ Says Finland’s Chief Central Banker

5 years 11 months ago

Bank of Finland Governor Olli Rehn told Reuters Friday he believes a digital euro is “very likely” to debut in Europe in the next 10 years.

  • He was less certain on the European central bank digital currency’s (CBDC) eventual design, saying the European Central Bank (ECB) “will first analyse and experiment.”
  • A retail digital euro will be “supplementary to” cash; it will not replace it, Rehn said.
  • Europe’s CBDC specialists want to “work together with the private sector” on a digital euro, he said.
  • However, Rehn notably rebutted comparisons to the libra stablecoin backed by Facebook. He made clear, though, the ECB will work with the private sector on fitting the project to Europe.
  • The ECB is expected to decide next steps for the digital euro project in mid-2021.

See also: Inside the Estonian CBDC Experiment That Could Shape the Digital Euro

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Blockchain Bites: OKEx Freezes Withdrawals, DeFi Audits Queue, Nigeria Urges Crypto Adoption

5 years 11 months ago

OKEx has frozen withdrawals, audit firms are experiencing a backlog of DeFi projects and the Trump administration is examining DLT for national defense.

Top shelf

Audit (back)logs
Crypto code audit firms say they are swamped with decentralized finance (DeFi) projects. Three of the most well-regarded auditors in the space – OpenZeppelin, Quantstamp and Trail of Bits – told CoinDesk’s William Foxley they are all booked until at least Q1 2021. For example, Quantstamp’s Juliano Martinez said the “high volume” of applicants has led to his company “rejecting lots of projects.” The months-long backlog comes amid a sharp pullback across the $11 billion DeFi market, with most tokens down 19% over the last 30 days, according to Messari.

Bitcoin grants
Coinbase is sponsoring at least two Bitcoin Core developers with its new Crypto Community Fund. The San Francisco-based exchange announced the grant program Thursday, after years of pushback from the crypto community that Coinbase was profiting from bitcoin’s open-source nature without paying in. Direct contributions to and review of Bitcoin Core, contributor tooling, Bitcoin libraries and testing improvements are all applicable to the grant program. Coinbase would not reveal the size of the fund but did say in an emailed statement that it hopes to increase the fund over time. 

Related: Money Reimagined: How Ethereum 2.0’s ‘Lock Up’ Will Drive DeFi Innovation

DLT defense
The Trump Administration has included “distributed ledger technologies” (DLT) in its strategy for preserving America’s technological supremacy over China and Russia. DLT is one of 20 focus areas on the National Security Council’s “critical and emerging technologies” shortlist, released Thursday. The NSC’s strategy calls for investing in, developing, adopting and promoting the priority technologies, which also include AI, data science, quantum computing and “space technologies,” weapons of mass destruction mitigation technologies, and others.

Election 2020
The Associated Press has teamed up with Wikipedia alternative Everipedia to preserve the 2020 U.S. election results. More than 7,000 state and national election race calls will be recorded on Everipedia’s EOS-based platform. Once a race is called, that information is entered into another internal AP system. Everipedia will pull the final declaration from an API and record it on its own ledger, permanently storing what AP sees as the final result. That said, race calls themselves will be recorded on the Ethereum blockchain and Chainlink will serve as intermediary between the AP data and Everipedia.

Digital Nigeria
Nigeria’s federal government is reportedly developing an ambitious plan to facilitate national crypto adoption with the vision of creating a “Digital Nigeria.” According to an early draft of the strategy framework obtained by local publication Technology Times, the country’s Federal Ministry of Communications and Digital Economy and the National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA) have partnered to develop a blueprint for national blockchain adoption. Nigeria’s mission is to drive adoption of the technology in public administration, leading to improved efficiency, transparency and accountability, according to the document. 

Quick bites At stake

Everything OK?
Crypto’s reaction to news of one of the industry’s most active spot and derivatives exchanges, OKEx, pausing withdrawals has been decidedly muted. 

Related: First Mover: OKEx Private Key Snafu Sends Bitcoin Lower as China DeFi Rises

Friday morning local time, the Hong Kong-headquartered (but Malta-based) trading platform announced it has suspended all cryptocurrency withdrawals indefinitely. One of the necessary signatories, OKEx co-founder Mingxing “Star” Xu, had been taken into police custody.

Bitcoin dropped approximately 3% on the news. Most other large-cap cryptos also fell. 

OKEx CEO Jay Hao said over Weibo the key holder’s cooperation with officials was due to a “personal issue” and the investigation would not affect the business. The exchange clarified hours later, “funds are safe and all other functions on OKEx are unaffected.”

Approximately 200,000 bitcoins – worth some $2.3 billion – are currently held in OKEx wallets, according to Glassnode. The company claims on its website to serve millions of customers in 100 countries.

Star – taken into custody a week ago for unknown, though supposedly “personal” reasons – being out of touch prevented withdrawal authorization from being completed. “We will resume digital assets/cryptocurrencies withdrawals immediately once the concerned private key holder is able to authorize the transaction,” the exchange wrote.

The incident draws parallels to last year’s collapse of QuadrigaX, a Canadian exchange that held its and customer assets in cold storage protected by a single key setup. That signatory has died under mysterious circumstances, leading to an ongoing effort to return assets to their owners. 

“Read between the lines – OKEx has a single point of failure in their key management architecture, and it’s currently failing,” Jameson Lopp, CTO of Casa, tweeted. He added later, “Either they have a distributed redundant setup as claimed on their security page OR there is a single key holder whose disappearance halts spending.”

Others have noted OKEx previously boasted of its contingency plans put in place for such scenarios.

In either case, with approximately 1.1% of the total circulating BTC supply currently frozen, market analysts remain cool-headed.

“I don’t think BTC will necessarily dive from here; the fund flow may look for venues that are based in countries with clearer regulatory stance and policy outlook,” Denis Vinokourov, head of research at London-based prime brokerage Bequant, told CoinDesk’s Omkar Godbole.

That said, larger macro forces are likely at play, including a devastating U.S. unemployment report Thursday, slipping stocks and whipsaw U.S. stimulus talks.

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Coinbase Received Over 1,800 Law Enforcement Information Requests in the First Half of 2020

5 years 11 months ago

Coinbase received more than 1,800 request for information from law enforcement in the first half of 2020, largely in the form of subpoenas, the company announced Friday in a new transparency report.

The San Francisco-based cryptocurrency exchange released the information in its first-ever transparency report. Earlier this year, digital rights advocacy group Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) requested the exchange be more transparent in how it handles authorities’ requests for users’ private financial data.

In addition to the criminal information requests, Coinbase received a number of civil or administrative requests from government agencies, for a total of over 1,900 requests.

Related: Coinbase’s Global Marketing Head Latest to Join Mass Exit

More than 1,100 of the requests came from agencies in the United States and 441 came from the United Kingdom. The majority of the requests came from the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).

“As a financial institution with a duty to detect and prevent prohibited activity on its platform, we respect the legitimate interests of government authorities in pursuing bad actors who abuse others and our platform,” the company wrote in a blog post. “Yet we do not hesitate to push back where appropriate, even when it is inconvenient or costly to do so. That’s why each request we receive is handled by a team of experienced specialists in accordance with set procedures to confirm the validity of the request and narrow or object to requests that are overly broad.”

The move comes a month and a half after the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a digital rights nonprofit organization, called on the leading U.S. exchange to be more transparent about how it handles private user financial data.

The EFF said Coinbase should detail the number of requests it receives as well as how it approaches these requests through the use of transparency reports.

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Reginald Fowler May Reopen Plea Talks in Crypto Capital Case

5 years 11 months ago

Alleged “shadow banker” Reginald Fowler may be headed back to the plea bargain table in a second attempt to resolve criminal finance charges stemming from Bitfinex-linked firm Crypto Capital.

  • The ex-National Football League investor had balked at prosecutors’ February demand for $371 million in forfeiture, blowing up early talks to settle unlicensed money transmission charges.
  • But Law360 reported Thursday that Fowler’s counsel is “open to again exploring” a plea deal over the original charge and a new one: wire fraud.
  • Prosecutors allege Fowler ran illegal banking services through Crypto Capital. The payments processor once serviced crypto exchanges Bitfinex, QuadrigaCX and CEX.io. 
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